Voltage-protector.



PATENTED AUG. ll, 1908. G. T. HANCHETT & H. M. SHAW.

VOLTAGE PROTECTOR.

APPLIUATION FILED 0013, 190s.

n .11- itung; al y :El l ,7

, iJNlTEl) li min/i @Tfr it NEW ,I E Sill VOLTAGE-PROTECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. ll, 190B.

Application filed October 3, 1906. Serial liloA 337.372.

To'all whom may coiiceri.' i

Be it known that` we, GEORGE T. HAN- CHETT and HENRY M. SHAW, citizens of the United Sta-tes. residing :it Hackensack, Bei'- gen county, Neiv Jersey, end East Orange, Essen county, Vifeiv Jersey, have invented certain new and useful liiiproveiiients in Voltage-Protectors,of which the following' is a full, clear, ind exact description. i

(hir invention relates lo voltage protec` tors7 or what :ire inore coiniuoiily linoivii to the artes lightning ziiresters, beingl devices which cnn bcshuiited around the insulation or apparatus which it is desired to protect, the voltage protector being' so coi'istructed as to be ible to breek down under exec voltiiges and relieve the excessive pr Without danizige to itself and before dninnge has been done to other parts of the system,A

The objectief our invention is to prod uceii voltage protector which shall be simple init/s construction and elicient in its tq'ieietioii und thus provide a new rind iiiiproved device for accomplishing the results ebovi referred to.

In all electrical distribution systems, pecizilly those which involve aerial wiring, there are likely to be tiiiies end seesons when the electric circuits contain charges or of electricityT at e pressure niuch higiier than the normal pressure created by the line sind often so high 1s/to endanger the insulation or" thee uipinent.l These charges `oli-e coniinonly i ue to naturel cruises, principally lightning, but inthe higher voltage systems, they are often due to surges caused oy/sud den short circuits, or open circuits, or similar disturbances.

Our invention has particular reference if.' ii ineens for providing ii weak spot iii the insulation of the line v-Ihich will breek down cud relieve the accumulated electrical pressure whenever the latter beconies dangerous, and which will iniiiiedietcly reestablish the insulation otter the ii'cssuie has been reduced to the normal Iline value. Hitherto, in seine instances, nir gaps usually arranged in series with absorptive resistzinces lieve in seine instances been employed in sucii de- In other instances, the cir grips have been under or arranged `to open with increased distance and automatically return :is soon :is the pressureis reduced; fill these devices ere quite complicated or uncertain. Our in\ eiitioii,

. i 1 the influence oi `magnetic holds i i however, provides a niefins l'oi' iiciiiinplisli- `ling the desired ends, -which ineens ive have y 'found to be niore reliable nud more eilective, l especial fr in the higher voltage work than i' devices hereloiore employed.

l rllhe following is :i description elf our iiiveiilion, reference beine' had to the ziccoininiiiy l ingsT drawings, in whichY Figure] is ii verticiil section ol our voltage protector." Fig. 2 is zi plan view ol' the siiiiie.

Reteiringfinoi'e particularlyv to the dreiviiipgs, c is zi jar, or container, preferably ol' yiiisulal'iiig historial such is piiss or lizird rubber. u is the cover therefor, which cnr ries on its top e. nietzillic nut l', in which is 8. threaded nictiillic rod j, which cnn be re.- vol'ved by the iiiilled head In, so :is to be l iiioved u end down. The niiiouiit of its niotion can ie noted by means ot the dish (l and the scale e. The divisions on the scale e record the single. turns oi the thread of the l rod j, and the divisions on the dish d the fractions thereoi'.

)li e conductor leading to the circuit to be protected. l

o is aboli-shaped terminal or electrode con ried by the rod j and li is :i tubular tcrininel or electrode so zii-ranged in this particular einbodiinent that it can enter Within but cannot touch the bell a..

i f is iin inlet pipe by ineens of which u l streiiin ot oil con be forced by any suitable ineens,7l siich ai, ii puinp j), through the tubuhir terin'nal l), into the apparatus.

. en overliow permitting the escape or return ol' the. surplus oil.

'i is o conductor lendingr to the ground or any other por ion oll the circuit through which it is desired to equalize the surges ol' electrical pressure;

The notion of thc apparatus is iis follows: The conductors /iy .find 'i are connected between points which cause the apparatus to be e. shunt oi.' alternative path :irouiid the, insulation it is desired to protect. Suitable niezins are provided for continuously forcing' a stre-afin oi oil through the iiiletfiind ogziiiist the inside ol the bell ci, es shown 4by lhs, zii'- rows, the return lloW being provided b y the pipe g, and the continuous circuhitioii ol' oil beine" kopt'y up. rlfhe milled head `m is turned until the spark gap c has such dimensions that it breaks down at n prcdeteriiiined ,poteiitiuh so that should the potential t'o l which the conductors L and 'i rtconnected 'of sai exceed this value, the spark gap will break down and reduce the ressure. As soon as the pressure is reduced), an arc whch occurs at a: is extinguished or sweptout by the centinuous stream of oil. lt is obvious that the arrester or potential rotector can be setto break down at any va ue within the limits of its range by simply adjustin the thumb nut m and the scale e and the isk d can Vbe so calibrated as to read this value directly.

While we prefer to use terminals of the -form shown in the drawings and to place them within a vessel or jar such-as shown, our invention is not necessarily confined to such forms, since terminals of various shapes and other forms for container may be substituted without de arting from the spirit of our invention. urthermore, it is not necessary to employ a tubular terminal of any sort, althou h this is the form we prefer for insuring eiinite and accurate action. We do not, therefore, desire to limit ourselves to the exact construction shown in the drawing, but rather to include any form merged in said non-conducting liquid, one

of said terminals having a passage therethrough, and means for/causing said nonconducting liquid to flow toward the other of-said terminals and through said passage. 3. The combination of a container 'adap ted to contain a non-conductin relatively stationary terminals aving opposing faces submer ed in said non-conducting liquid, the face ot one of said terminals having a cavity therein and the other terminal having a passage therethrough, and means "for causing the non conducting liquid to move toward said cavity and throughV said passage.

4. ln a voltage protector, the combination.

of a container adapted to contain oil, two electrodes submerged within said oil, one of said electrodes having a recessin its'face and the other of said electrodes being tubular m form, and means for Icausin a flow of oil through said tubular electroe and a ainst the recessed face of said other electro e.

5. In a voltage protector, the combination of a containing vessel adapted to contain oil,

a bell-shaped terminal a, a tubular terminal b, a source of oil supply and a source of oil.

overflow, and means for causing said oil to How through said tub'ular terminal.

, GEORGE T. HANCHETT7 HENRY M.' SHAW. Witnesses to G. T. Hanchett:

JUNIUs T. HANCHETT, F. BALDWIN. Witnesses to H. M. S.:

FREDK. WVM. EGEILsoN, J. M. WATTERs.

liquid, two I 

